Airplane



June 21, 1927.

J. G. ViNCIENT AIRPLAN 3 s Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed May 21, 1921 ET. an L .lIl M 1 June 21 1927. -1,632,862

, J. G. VINCENT AIRPLANE F iled May 21, 1921 s Sheets-Sheet 6 :Ii iii, 7

1m l l/////////////l//////////////////m1 W//m lag v gmuwgugfly 58 g Patented June 21, 1927.

UNITED STATES ra'rrzu'r OFFICE.

JESSE .G. "VINCENT, DFDETROIT, MICHIGAN, ,ASSIGNOR TO PACKARD Mb'IOR CAR COM- PANY, or'nra'rnoxr, MICHIGAN,

A CORPORATION or MICHIGAN.

AIRRLANE.

Application filed May 21,

This invention relates to airplanes and particularl to control mechanism therefor. One of the greatest difficulties experienced by airplane operators is that of landing, and this is due largely to the fact that the speed of the airplane cannot be reduced quickly enough when the machine is landing.

With this dilliculty in mind, the salient ob ject of this invention is to effectively and 19 quickly reduce the speed of an airplane when the machine is landing.

Another object of the invention is to utilice the ailerons of an airplane as a means for controlling the speed of the plane.

Further objects of the invention will appear from the following specification taken in connection with the drawings, which form a part of this application, and in which; I

Figure 1 is a perspective view, partly broken away, of an airplane having my improved controlling means embodied therein. Figure 2 is a vertical sectional view taken transversely of the'wings and illustrating the aileron control mechanism; and

Figure 3 is a vertical sectional view taken throuizh the lusclageand illustrating the operating means for the aileron control mechanism in elevation. The airplane illustrated in the drawings comprises a fuselage or body 10, wings 11, a propeller 12, driven by the motor (not shown). but enclosed Wltllll'l the cowl 13.

Each ofthe wings 11 has pivoted thereto for verticalmovcmcnt adjacent its opposite ends. ailerons 1 1 and 15;

The usual function of the ailerons of an airplane is to control the angle of the wings or. in other words, to tilt the plane at any desired angle about the fuselage asan axis. In order to accomplish this, means 13 provided for simultaneously tilting the ailerons at one side of the fuselage in one direction, while simultaneously tilting the'other ailerons at the other side of the fuselage, or at the other ends of the wings, in the opposite direction. D

In the present instance, this Is accomplished by means of a control stick 16 carried by a shaft 17, rotatably mounted at one enclin a bearing 18 and at its opposite end in a bearing 19, the litter bearing being formed in a casing 20 secured to a vertlcal 1921. Serial no. 471,309.

- The shaft has splineol thereto tor vertical movement thereona bevel gear 27 which meshes-With the bevel gear 28 carried of the shaft is communicated shaft 29 pivoted in a bearing 30 formed in a casing 31, which also encloses the gear 27 and through which the shaft extends.

The shaft 29 forms a pivot for a lever 32 and this lever has secured to its opposite ends wires of cables 33 and 34.

The cables 33 extend vertically from the lever over idler erallgy and around pulleys 36 to posts 37-, the pulleys being carried by wings and'the posts being secured to and 'extending vertically upward from the ailerons 14 and 15.

The wires 34 extend endsfot the lever 32 and aroundi'oller pulleys 38 and laterally therefrom and around pulleys 89 to downwardly posts 40, secured to the on the lower plane. -The ailerons 14, I l-are connected bya wire etl'andthe ailerons 15, 15 are connected by a wire 42 so .that the corresponding ailerons will move together.

From the above description it will be seen that as the control stick the lever 32 will be rotatedon its will tilt the ailerons at one side of lage, or at one end of the wings, in one direction and at the same time will tilt the aileend of the wings in the extending vertical vet and rons at the opposite opposite direction.

The construction just described is the usual one and the aileron'control by the control stick 16 is utilized to tilt'the plane at any desired angle about the fuselage as an axis. The present invention, however, com

prises means for utilizing the ailerons for performing a brake functionduring landing and this is accomplished 'in the manner hereinafter described.

As shown particularly in Figures 1 311(213, the casingv or support 31 is mounted-for pulleys and thence lat/ downwardly from the ailerons 14 and 15 he fuse- 16 is moved laterally,

bodily vertical movement, this casing being provided with laterally extending lugs 43 positioned in guide-ways formed by angular vertically disposed guide strips is secured to the frame member 21.

In order to move the casing or eupporttll. vertically, I have provided a crank 45 having secured thereto a pulley or, if desired, a sprocket 46 around whichextends a cable, or sFrocket chain, if preferred, t7, one end of this cable extending around idler pulleys 48, 49 and 50 and being secured as shown at 51 to the casing 31 and opposite end extending around pulleys 52 and 53 and being secured as shown at 54 to the bottom of the casing 31. It will be understood that in case a.

'grooved pulley is used for the member all,

I erates as follows:

When the plane is landing and the oper ator desires to retard the speedof the plane, the crank will be rotated in the direction of the arrow, thereby tilting the ailerons 14: and 15 on each wing downwardly. This, of course, increases the Wind resistance by pre senting agreater surface for the Wind pres sure, and in this manner retards the progress or brakes the speed of the plane.

From the above specification it will be seen that means has been-provided for tilting the ailerons in the usual manner, in order to control the angular position of the Wings, and further that means has been provided for simultaneously tilting all of the ailerons in the same direction to utilize the ailerons for performing a brake function.

Although I have, in the above specification, described one specific embodiment of the invention, it will he wider-stood that the in vention is capable of modification, and that changes in the construction and in the arrangement of the various cooperating parts may be made without departing from. the spirit or scope otthc invention as expressed in. the following claims v Having described my invention, What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent 1. In. an airplane, ailerons, a slidably mounted supporting member, a lever pivoted in said member and connected to said "ailerons, means having a fixed pivot for swings ing said lever on its pivohiand means for moving said support and. lover bodily,

2. In an airplane having wings, ailcrmi s pivoted to said Wings at opposite sides of the center of the airplane, a control stick, a control unit, operative connections between said stick and said unit and aconnection be' tween said unit and said ailerons wherel'iy the movement of said stick will tilt the ailerons at the opposite ends of the wings in. on

tilt simultaneously in the same direction to,

provide a brakinn effect for the airplane while sardsticlr rcmalns stationary.

3. In an airplane having ailerons "pivoted thereto, a control stick, a pivoted lever, connections between. said lever and said ailorons, connections between said control stick and'said lever for swinging the lever on its pivot, a second control member and operative connections between said second control member and said lever for moving said lever bodily while said control sticlr remains stationary.

4. In an airplane having ailerons pivoted thereto, a supporting member, a, lever pivotcd on said. supporting member and o eratively connected to said ailerons, han operated means "for tilting said lever onits pivot, and means for vertically moving said support and lever While said'hand operated means remains stationary.

In an airplane having ailerons pivoted therctr'v, a horizontally disposed shaft, means ifu' rotating said shaft, a vertically disposed snail, operative connections between said shafts, a support vertically movable on said second shaft, a lever pivoted in said support, operative coimectionsbetween said lever and said shaft, means for connecting said lever to said ailerons, and means for vertically moving said support. 6. In an airplane havlnc; ailerons pivoted 'l'horcto, a vertical frame meml'ier, a vertically movable simport, means carried by so 5d frame member for guiding said support in its vertical movement, a lever pivoted in soil! support, operative connections betw cn the ends of said lover and said ailerons, means for tilting; said lever, and means for m vin saidsupport and lover vertically.

7. In an airplane having ailerons pivoted thereto, a lover, operative connections bctween the ends of the lever and the ailerons,- a pivot shaft for said lover, a manually rotatable shaft perallelto said pivot shalt,

operative connections causing said shafts to rotatevin the same directions and means to vary the distance between said shafts.

e, In an airplane having;- ailerons pivoted thereto, a lever, operative connections between the ends of the lever and the aile ons, a hori enta l shaft arrying saidlcvcr and mountedin. slidablc housing, a vertical shaft, a splincd bevel gear thereon-mounted, in said housing and meshing with'a corresponding gear on said lever shaft,* 'a l1oriontal shaft, manually rotatable, having 'op-- erative connection with. said vertical shaft and means :torinoving said housing.

9. in an airplane having ailerons-pivoted ihere'ro, a horizontally disposed shaft, means for rotating said shaft, a, vertically disposed shaft, operative connections between said shafts, a gear splined to eizid vertical shaft and carried in a slidable housing, a. lever having a: px'vot. shaft. meunted in said 110119 ing, a gear on saiii pivot shaft meshing with said splined gear, means for connecting saiii fever to' said ailerons, Cally moving said housing.

In testimony whereof I aifix my signature.

JESSE 1G. ivmemrr,

and means for vertix 

